I need grammar practice!

[Lysandra]

1. dative because ‘infusa’ takes a dative
2. temporal ‘dum’ clause
3. 3rd person plural pluperfect active indicative, 1st pp is ‘consido’
4. potential subjunctive
5. ‘suorum’ referring to children, ‘casum’ is implied … ‘these men mourned their fate, those the fate of their children’
6. relative clause of chracteristic
7. polyptoton

 

[Dantius]

Good. Pretty much all correct.
For 2 I mean the clause introduced by ne. You're right about the dum clause though.
I think "3rd person" in 3. is just a typo.
For 5, I don't think it's necessarily referring to children, but just any family members/friends/relatives.

 

[Lysandra]

Good. Pretty much all correct.
For 2 I mean the clause introduced by ne. You're right about the dum clause though.
I think "3rd person" in 3. is just a typo.
For 5, I don't think it's necessarily referring to children, but just any family members/friends/relatives.

2. Is it just an independent clause with a hortatory subjunctive?
3. Yes, it's a typo. I could have sworn I wrote 1st.
4. I wondered if it was referring to more than just children, but it seems to make the most sense that if you're about to die, you would first think about the wellbeing of your dependents.

 

[Lysandra]

Now [there is] ash, up to this point still sparse. I breathe: the dense fog, which now follows us in torrents pouring onto the land, threatens [our] backs. ‘Let’s turn away’, I say, ‘while we see, let’s not get trampled on lying in the street by a crowd of people following in shadows.’ We barely sit down, and [it is] night — not the moonless and cloud-filled sort but the sort in inaccessible places where light has been extinguished. You may hear the wailing of women, the mewling of infants, the shouts of men; with their voices some were seeking [their] parents, others [their] children, others [their] spouses [and] were recognising [them] by [their] voices; these men were mourning their fate, those ones [the fate] of their [relatives]; there were [those] who with a fear of death were praying for death; many raised [their] hands to the gods, more decided now that there never [were] any gods and that that [was] the most extraordinary and never-ending night in the world.

 

[Lysandra]

I have my very last Latin exam (well, at least for my undergraduate degree) on June 10th. Would anyone willing to provide me with a few practice sentences? The exam passages will come from the Aeneid and one of Cicero's speeches. I promise this is really the last time I'll beg you guys for grammar practice.

 

[Glabrigausapes]

Here's a bit of V's A:

O sate gente deum, Troianam ex hostibus urbem
qui revehis nobis aeternaque Pergama servas,
exspectate solo Laurenti arvisque Latinis,
hic tibi certa domus, certi (ne absiste) penates.
neu belli terrere minis; tumor omnis et irae 40
concessere deum.
iamque tibi, ne vana putes haec fingere somnum,
litoreis ingens inventa sub ilicibus sus
triginta capitum fetus enixa iacebit,
alba solo recubans, albi circum ubera nati.

1. Given the context, who is here addressed, and by whom?
2. From what verb is 'sate'? What form is 'deum'?
3. Parse 'exspectate'.
4. Parse 'terrere'.
5. What kind of 'dative' would you say this 'tibi' is?
6. What kind of 'genitive' is 'capitum'? Parse 'enixa' (what does it modify?)
7. What case is 'solo', and why?

 

[Glabrigausapes]

Bonus:

1. What the hell are penates, really?
2. What book of the Aeneid is this?

 

[Lysandra]

Thanks, Hemo!

To start with:
1. Aeneas ... by whom? honestly, I'm a bit unsure who the 'nobis' is
2. sero, genitive plural
3. 2nd person plural imperative
4. 3rd person plural perfect active indicative

 

[Bitmap]

3. 2nd person plural imperative

So he's addressing a single person in the plural imperative?

 

[Lysandra]

Oh, it's a vocative perf. pass. participle.

 

[Lysandra]

Obviously I didn't think through that one.

 

[Bitmap]

4. 3rd person plural perfect active indicative

There's a problem with that one, too ... which verb did you think this came from? (and what would be its actual 3rd pers. pl. perf. act. ind.?)

 

[Lysandra]

There's a problem with that one, too ... which verb did you think this came from? (and what would be its actual 3rd pers. pl. perf. act. ind.?)

terreo
it would be 'terruerunt' or 'terruere'

 

[Lysandra]

Is it a historical infinitive?

 

[Bitmap]

Is it a historical infinitive?

No. (I'm not sure they even exist in the Aeneid)
You need to make a bit of sense of the entire passage. The whole thing is an address to a 2nd person.

Spoiler

more exactly, it's an address of the river god Thybris to Aeneas

 

[Lysandra]

Thanks for the explanation. I never would have guessed that. I plan to read the Aeneid in full in English before I take the exam just so I can understand the context of the chosen passage better.

In that case, it's 2nd person plural present passive indicative.

 

[Bitmap]

In that case, it's 2nd person plural present passive indicative.

That would be terremini.

Not sure what your obsession with the plural is here It's pretty normal to refer to yourself in the first person plural, but referring to singular other people in the plural didn't seem to be a thing in classical Latin.

 

[Lysandra]

I meant singular.

 

[Bitmap]

But the indicative seems a bit strange in connexion with ne (or neu here)

 

[Lysandra]

2nd pers. pass. imperative