Aeneid - Book III

[AoM]

Lines 424-462:

- caecis...latebris (424): cf. caecisque latebris (232, referring to the Harpies).
- spelunca (424): cf. speluncis...atris (I.60).
- exsertantem (425): frequentative; also, cf. exsertae (I.492).
- lines 426-8: deserve to be quoted in full for their explicit detail and soundscape:

prima hominis facies et pulchro pectore virgo
pube tenus, postrema immani corpore pistrix
delphinum caudas utero commissa luporum.

- praestat (429): cf. I.135.
- vasto...sub antro (431): cf. hic vasto rex Aeolus antro (I.52).
- resonantia saxa (432): cf. vos et Scyllaeam rabiem penitusque sonantis / accestis scopulos (I.200-1).
- unum...unum (435): framed line, stressing the importance of this one warning.
- Iunonis magnae.../Iunoni (437-8): Juno's prominence at the beginning of both lines.
- Trinacria finis Italos mittere relicta (440): chiasmus; mittere - future passive.
- huc ubi delatus (441): cf. huc ubi delati (219).
- sonantia silvis (442): cf. resonantia saxa (432).
- digerit in numerum (446): cf. ita digerit omina Calchas (II.182).
- increpitent (454): cf. tum Bitiae dedit increpitans (I.738).
- quin (456): = ut + non (with tanti, genitive of value, above).
- illa...bella (458): those wars, surrounding both Aeneas and the Italians.
- tibi Italiae (458): Aeneas and Italy are one.
- et quo quemque modo fugiasque ferasque laborem (459): repetition of sounds (quemque/laborem; -que; fugias/feras; quo/modo/laborem) emphasizes the repetitive toil to come.
- expediet (460): enjambment; cf. expediam dictis (379).
- cursusque dabit venerata secundos (460): cf. dabit deus his quoque finem (I.199).
- ingentem factis fer ad aethera Troiam (462): 'huge Troy' given emphasis.

Helenus' speech was 89 lines; has to be one of the longest in the Aeneid.

 

[AoM]

Lines 463-505:

- sic ore effatus (463): cf. sic ore effata (II.524).
- stipatque (465): cf. stipant (I.433).
- ingens argentum (466): cf. I.640.
- conum insignis galeae cristasque comantis (468): cf. comantem / Androgei galeam clipeique insigne decorum (II.391-2).
- remigium (471): cf. remigio alarum (I.301).
- remigium supplet, socios simul instruit armis (471): note the sibilance.
- coniugio...superbo (475): framed line.
- tibi Ausoniae (477): cf. tibi Italiae (458).
- (nec cedit honore) (484): 'she yields not in honor (to Helenus)'.
- accipe et haec, manuum tibi quae monimenta mearum (486): dactylic line.
- manuum tibi quae monimenta mearum (486): cf. veterum volvens monimenta virorum (102).
- puer (487): she wishes he were her own.
- dona extrema tuorum (488): cf. flamma extrema meorum (II.431).
- o mihi sola mei super Astyanactis imago (489): evoking pathos.
- sic oculos, sic ille manus, sic ora ferebat (490): extremely effective pathos with its anaphora.
- et nunc aequali tecum pubesceret aevo (491): spondaic line (contrast with 486); even more pathos to end Andromache's sad presence.
- nos alia ex aliis in fata vocamur (494): polyptoton.
- vobis parta quies (495): cf. illic res laetae regnumque et regia coniunx / parta tibi (II. 783-4).
- parta...arandum / ... / quaerenda (495-7): notice the ellipsis, signifying Aeneas' emotions.
- si quando Thybrim vicinaque Thybridis arva (500): polyptoton; along with the above, stressing the connection between the two Trojan settlements.
- intraro (501): = intravero
- data moenia (501): cf. datam...moenibus urbem (255).
- populosque propinquos (502): alliteration and assonance.
- line 503: I'm reading Epiro Hesperiam.
- maneat nostros ea cura nepotes (505): chiasmus.

 

[AoM]

Lines 506-547:

- provehimur pelago (506): cf. provehimur portu (72).
- montes umbrantur opaci (508): very poetic.
- sternimur (509): cf. sternimus (II.385).
- fessos sopor inrigat artus (511): cf. at Venus Ascanio placidam per membra quietem / inrigat (I.691-2) and sopor fessos complectitur artus (II.253).
- segnis strato surgit (513): alliteration.
- auribus aera captat (514): a funny expression, and a practical one (see Williams' note).
- Arcturum pluviasque Hyadas geminosque Triones (516): repeated line (I.744).
- armatumque auro circumspicit Oriona (517): fifth foot spondee.
- caelo constare sereno (518): looking back to tacito labentia caelo (515).
- dat clarum e puppi signum (519): cf. dat signum specula Misenus ab alta (239).
- stellis...fugatis (521): cf. collectasque fugat nubes (I.143).
- Italiam. Italiam... / Italiam (523-4): enjambment, elision, and repetition really capture the effect of the Trojans' excitement (see Perkell's note).
- Achates (523): the first and only time he is mentioned in this book.
- tum pater Anchises magnum cratera corona / induit implevitque mero (525-6): cf. crateras magnos statuunt et vina coronant (I.724) and implevitque mero (I.729).
- stans celsa in puppi (527): cf. celsis in puppibus arma Caici (I.183).
- tempestatumque potentes (528): cf. tempestatumque potentem (I.80).
- lines 533-6: note the war imagery - arcum (533), muro (535), turriti (536).
- obiectae salsa spumant aspergine cautes (534): sonorous sounds of the sea.
- bellum... / bello...bellum (539-40): alliterative foreshadowing.
- bello armantur equi, bellum haec armenta minantur (540): as Williams notes, very marked alliteration and assonance.
- spes et pacis (543): even among all this war.
- et capita ante aras Phrygio velamur amictu (545): cf. purpureo velare comas adopertus amictu (405).
- praeceptisque Heleni, dederat quae maxima (546): cf. infelix qui non sponsae praecepta furentis / audierit! (II.345-6) and neu praeceptis parere recusa (II.607).
- Iunoni Argivae (547): the goddess begins the line; she's the focus (cf. 437-8).
- iussos (547): further stressing that these offerings are forced, obligatory.

 

[AoM]

Lines 548-606:

- haud mora (548): cf. 207.
- perfectis...votis (548): cf. perfecto...honore (178).
- cornua velatarum obuertimus antemnarum (549): fifth foot spondee.
- Graiugenumque (550): cf. Troiugena (359).
- exsultantque vada atque aestu miscentur harenae (557): the two elisions stress this mixing.
- insurgite remis (560): cf. remis insurgimus (207).
- haud minus ac iussi faciunt (561): cf. haud secus ac iussi faciunt (236).
- contorsit (562): cf. II.52.
- cuncta cohors (563): foreshadowing of war (and Rome's military prowess).
- subducta ad Manis imos desedimus unda (565): spondaic line; subducta...unda as the frame.
- ter scopuli clamorem inter cava saxa dedere, / ter spumam elisam et rorantia vidimus astra (566-7): cf. II.792-3.
- Cyclopum adlabimur oris (569): cf. antiquis Curetum adlabimur oris (131).
- candente (573): cf. candore (538); also, note the contrast with atram...nubem above.
- sidera lambit (574): striking; cf. lambebant (II.211, of snakes) and lambere (II.684, of flame).
- avulsaque viscera montis (575): equally striking.
- erigit eructans (576): enjambment of both.
- flammam exspirare (580): cf. illum expirantem transfixo pectore flammas (I.44).
- lines 581-3: alliteration of 'm', reflecting the murmur.
- et lunam in nimbo nox intempesta tenebat (587): alliteration of n; also, spondaic line stressing intempesta.
- iamque dies (588): cf. 356.
- umentemque...umbram (589): framed line stressing the shadow's presence.
- ignoti nova forma viri (591): chiasmus.
- miserandaque cultu (591): cf. miserandaque venit (138, of a plague).
- dira inluvies (593): language reminiscent of the Harpies - dirus (211, 228, 235, 256, 262); proluvies (217).
- Troia vidit / arma (596-7): cf. 306-7 (Andromache seeing the Trojans).
- hoc caeli spirabile lumen (600): very striking.
- quascumque abducite terras (601): cf. quae me cumque vocant terrae (I.610).
- si pereo, hominum (606): hiatus, stressing both pereo and hominum.
- hominum manibus periisse iuvabit (606): cf. forsan et haec olim meminisse iuvabit (I.203).

 

[AoM]

monstrum horrendum, informe, ingens, cui lumen ademptum (658)

monstrorrendinformingens

Virgil, man...

 

[Araneus]

A monstrous bundle of elisions. What does it refer to?

 

[AoM]

Polyphemus, now blinded by Odysseus and his men, going to the sea to wash his wound. It's funny as well because after that monstrous description (and the many above), Virgil makes you feel genuine sympathy for him:

lanigerae comitantur oves; ea sola voluptas
solamenque mali. (660-1)

 

[Araneus]

It sure is good to have some fluffy sheep around on a blue day.

 

[AoM]

Fluffy sheep, but now I realize they're probably spattered with blood given his appetite for men.

 

[AoM]

Lines 607-669:

- genua amplexus genibusque volutans (607): polyptoton.
- qui sit fari, quo sanguine cretus, hortamur (608-9): cf. hortamur fari quo sanguine cretus (II.74, of Sinon).
- ille haec deposita tandem formidine fatur (612): cf. II.76 (usually not read).
- mansissetque utinam fortuna! (615): cf. fecissentque utinam! (II.110, of Sinon).
- Troiam... / ...profectus (614-5): hyperbaton.
- vasto Cyclopis in antro (617): cf. vasto rex Aeolus antro (I.52).
- deseruere (618): tragic enjambment.
- domus sanie dapibusque cruentis, / intus opaca, ingens. ipse arduus (618-9): no verbs; focus on description, not action.
- di talem terris avertite pestem! (620): cf. quod di prius omen in ipsum / convertant! (II.190-1).
- nec visu facilis nec dictu adfabilis ulli (621): alliteration and assonance.
- frangeret ad saxum (625): horrific enjambment.
- atro cum membra fluentia tabo (626): chiasmus; also, cf. terram tabo maculant (29).
- manderet (627): another enjambment (cf. 625).
- tepidi (627): his trepidi comrades are now tepidi.
- expletus dapibus vinoque sepultus (630): chiastic arrangement; vinoque sepultus - cf. vinoque sepultam (II.265, of Troy).
- eructans (632): cf. 576 (of Etna).
- frusta cruento / ...commixta mero (632-3): extended synchysis.
- nos magna precati numina (633-4): cf. numina sancta precamur (543).
- sortitique vices (634): cf. sortiti remos (510).
- et telo lumen terebramus acuto (635): cf. aut terebrare cavas uteri et temptare latebras (II.38, of the horse).
- Argolici clipei aut Phoebeae lampadis instar (637): cf. instar montis (II.15, again of the horse).
- nam qualis quantusque (641): cf. confessa deam qualisque videri /
caelicolis et quanta solet (II.591-2).
- centum alii curva haec habitant ad litora vulgo (643): cf. centum urbes habitant magnas (106).
- cum vitam in silvis inter deserta ferarum / lustra domosque traho (646-7): cf. adflictus vitam in tenebris luctuque trahebam (II.92, of Sinon).
- omnia conlustrans (651): cf. quae sit me circum copia lustro (II.564) and lumine lustro (II.754).
- gentem...nefandam (653): cf. dira...gente (235, of the Harpies).
- ipsum...moventem / pastorem...petentem (656-7): as Perkell notes, two framed lines stressing the sheer size of Polyphemus.
- litora nota petentem (657): cf. litora nota petens (II.256, of the Greek phalanx).
- monstrum horrendum, informe, ingens, cui lumen ademptum (658): already mentioned, but an elision-riddled spondaic line that heightens Aeneas's initial impression of the Cyclops.
- lanigerae comitantur oves; ea sola voluptas / solamenque mali (660-1): extreme pathos after numerous descriptions of violence.
- nos procul inde fugam trepidi celerare recepto / supplice sic merito tacitique incidere funem (666-7): two speedy lines; also, cf. trepidi (616).

 

[AoM]

________________quales cum vertice celso
aeriae quercus aut coniferae cyparissi
constiterunt, silva alta Iovis lucusve Dianae (679-81)

The only simile in book 3. The Cyclopes are the subject of comparison. The two options for the bolded:

- 'on a lofty peak', where the trees are standing on mountains.
- 'with their lofty tops', referring to the tops of the trees.

I'm leaning toward the latter because before this, Virgil says the Cyclopes litora complent (676). Williams favors the latter, Conington/Nettleship the former, and Perkell is indifferent.

Thoughts?

 

[Araneus]

'with their lofty tops', referring to the tops of the trees.

I'd go with this as well, considering that the Cyclopes are tall as they are, not elevated by anything or on high ground.
And then I don't find that the former option agrees so well with the picture of silva alta Iovis lucusve Dianae. With that and, as you mention, litora complent, "lofty peaks" and "mountains" would create a somewhat jarring discrepancy in the imagery.

 

[AoM]

I'd go with this as well, considering that the Cyclopes are tall as they are, not elevated by anything or on high ground.
And then I don't find that the former option agrees so well with the picture of silva alta Iovis lucusve Dianae. With that and, as you mention, litora complent, "lofty peaks" and "mountains" would create a somewhat jarring discrepancy in the imagery.

Thanks. Yeah, I'm gonna go with the latter.

--

Lines 670-718:

- clamorem immensum tollit, quo pontus et omnes (672): spondaic line stressing the weight of his cry.
- exterrita (673): cf. magnis exterrita monstris (307, of Andromache).
- curvisque immugiit Aetna cavernis (674): cf. mugire adytis cortina reclusis (92).
- lumine torvo (677): cf. ingens quod torva solum sub fronte latebat (636).
- capita alta ferentis (678): cf. I.189 (of deer).
- rudentis / excutere (682-3): cf. excussosque iubet laxare rudentis (267).
- Scyllamque Charybdinque / inter (684-5): cf. spemque metumque inter (I.218).
- angusta ab sede Pelori (687): cf. angusti rarescunt claustra Pelori (411).
- vivo...ostia saxo (688): cf. vivoque sedilia saxo (I.167).
- talia...errata... / litora (690-1): taking all three as agreeing.
- comes infelicis Ulixi (691): cf. 613.
- Sicanio...sinu (692): cf. freta Sicaniae (I.557).
- ore...tuo (696): either local or instrumental.
- exsupero (698): cf. exsuperant flammae (II.759).
- cautes (699): cf. 534.
- Pachyni (699): cf. 429.
- inlaetabilis (707): foreshadowing the tragedy to come.
- amitto Anchisen (710): tragic enjambment and elision.
- deseris (711): more enjambment.
- tantis nequiquam erepte periclis! (711): cf. bis Pergameis erepte ruinis (476).
- luctus (713): the only instance in book 3 (cf. book 2: 12, 26, 92, 298, 369).
- hic labor extremus, longarum haec meta viarum, / hinc me digressum vestris deus appulit oris (714-5): tricolon abundans with anaphora; vestris deus appulit oris - cf. aut quisnam ignarum nostris deus appulit oris? (338).
- sic pater Aeneas intentis omnibus unus (716): cf. conticuere omnes intentique ora tenebant (II.1); as Perkell notes, Aeneas is now the pater, one who's alone (emphatic position of unus next to omnibus).
- fata...divum (717): cf. si fata deum (II.54) and fatisque deum...iniquis (II.257).
- conticuit tandem factoque hic fine quievit (718): cf. conticuere (II.1); note the verbs framing the line (cf. the last line of book 2).

--

And that's book 3.

I'll post the doc in the next couple of days.

 

[AoM]

Thanks to those who posted.

Thanks in advance for any criticism/corrections.

 

[AoM]

This is probably the most relevant thread to post it in.

A good article by Horsfall: http://www.jstor.org/stable/41592455

The last sentence: "Virgil has turned his version of Aeneas' story into the foundation-story (of Lavinium/Rome) par excellence, and at the same time into the aition of the Roman cult of the Penates, and of her piety in general. To do this, it has, I think, become clear that he immersed himself to a degree far greater than hitherto realized in the vast literature of Greek ktiseis: Apollonius, Callimachus, and, as I think will now have become as good as certain, Herodotus too."

 

[AoM]

I wanna make some shirts with sentences from Horsfall on them.

"...and this is not the moment for an untimely, retardatory antiquarian
digression."

 

[AoM]

e stratis (176)

"Bedclothes are not at all―perhaps surprisingly―unheroic..."

Men can have blankies, too!

 

[AoM]

et pater Anchises passis de litore palmis
numina magna vocat meritosque indicit honores: (263-4)

From the position of de litore, I assume it's going with the ablative absolute. So something like, "his palms opened away from the shore" (i.e., toward the sea). No notes on this and Kline's translation seemed off.

Should have seen this then (from Horsfall):

"Spreading, or stretching the hands, therefore, up from the shore."

 

[AoM]

"fortified poops of warships"

 

[AoM]

Really like this quote:

"Humanity...is concentrated and defined in the presence of monsters."