2.
Έχουσι βουλας πολλας, δε εισιν κακας.
3.
Βουλαι έστιν φιλαι ψυχή θεαον καλαον γαρ έστιν καλαι.
Έχουσι βουλας πολλας, δε εισιν κακας.
3.
Βουλαι έστιν φιλαι ψυχή θεαον καλαον γαρ έστιν καλαι.
Good, but 'but' is ἀλλά.Έχουσι βουλας πολλας, δε εισιν κακας.
This one needs work. ἐστι must be plural, ψυχή dative, and you seem to have gen plural for 'of the beautiful goddess' (singular).Βουλαι έστιν φιλαι ψυχή θεαον καλαον γαρ έστιν καλαι.
Are the good plans dear to the souls of the goddesses?
I can’t really type in Greek for the yet...so forgive me for this first weird transliteration but:
1. Esti boulai kalai filai psychais Theaon?
(Is εστι βοθλαι καλαι φιλαι ψυχαις θεαων right?)
I don't have much practice with translation into Ancient Greek ... I suppose it would be better if some real expert answered that ...
I've also noticed that the text you had was some kind of dialect ... it wasn't Attic school Greek. So take my comments with some caution ...
'Are the good plans dear to the souls of the goddesses?'
- A yes/no-question is introduced by 'ar(a)'
- the verb needs to be in the plural
- you need to translate the direct articles
- I suppose theaon exists somehow (like thalassaon), but the regular Attic genitive plural would be theon.
- the genitive attribute (ton theon) needs to be locked in
So I would say ...
'ar' eisin hai kalai boylai philai tais ton theon psychais;' ~
αρ' εισιν αι καλαι βουλαι φιλαι ταις των θε(α)ων ψυχαις;
I left out the diacritics because I'm unsure about the accents (especially the ones around eisi).
Hmm. The problem is that Homeric Greek is not really a dialect. It is a form of traditional diction which combines dialect borrowings, archaisms and artificial forms to produce dactylic hexameter. Thus it is not really meaningful to learn it in separation from the hexameter and the traditional phrasing thereof: otherwise you learn a sort of artificial construct that no-one has ever really spoken or used.Sorry for that! I know that Attic is the norm...the first kind of Greek I studied was Attic, I believe. But this is a study of Homeric Greek, so I’m learning it without any articles and the Epic declensions.
ἆρά εἰσιν αἱ καλαὶ βουλαὶ φίλαι ταῖς τῶν θεῶν ψῡχαῖς;
This is fine for Attic.
- You don't need ἆρα for a y/n question, any more than you need -ne or utrum in Latin.
- Equally you don't need εἰσιν, strictly speaking. It needs to be pl., because so is the subject (the only exception to this is neuter plurals, but βουλαὶ is fem. pl. - if you'd used something like τεχνήματα it would be a different matter).
- Alternative phrasings are possible - καλαὶ and τῶν θεῶν are attributive, so they must be preceded by the article, but this could be done by repeating the article (αἱ βουλαὶ αἱ καλαί, ταῖς ψῡχαῖς ταῖς τῶν θεῶν).
- Accent: the base forms of the words involved are ἆρα, ειμί, φίλος, καλός, βουλή, θεᾱ́, ψῡχή, which you can find out by looking at most dictionaries. The usual rule is that verbs are accented recessively (as far back as possible according to the law of limitation) whereas nouns keep the accent on the same syllable as the nominative as far as this is possible according to the law of limitation. But:
-- 'All gen. and dat. of oxytone (acute on last syllable) 1st/2nd decl. words are perispomenon (circumflex on last syllable)' - hence θεῶν, ψῡχαῖς, ταῖς, τῶν.
-- Acute accents on a word followed by another word that isn't an enclitic become grave - hence καλαὶ, βουλαὶ
-- εἰσιν, when used as a copula, is enclitic (as is the whole present indic. of ειμί) and so has no accent, but 'throws it back' onto the last syllable of ἆρα.
Hmm. The problem is that Homeric Greek is not really a dialect. It is a form of traditional diction which combines dialect borrowings, archaisms and artificial forms to produce dactylic hexameter. Thus it is not really meaningful to learn it in separation from the hexameter and the traditional phrasing thereof: otherwise you learn a sort of artificial construct that no-one has ever really spoken or used.
In Homeric Greek - well, I guess one has to think of the proper position of such phrases in the hexameter, by collecting lines that use the relevant words, eg.:
... Θέτιδος δ᾿ ἐξήνυσε βουλάς...
Good, but 'but' is ἀλλά.
ἔχουσι βουλὰς πολλάς, ἀλλὰ κακάς (They have many plans, but bad). If you wanted to use εἰσι, then κακός would be nom. plural. (i.e. 'they are bad').
This one needs work. ἐστι must be plural, ψυχή dative, and you seem to have gen plural for 'of the beautiful goddess' (singular).
Remember that forms described as 'nu-moveable', such as ἐστι(ν), typically only have the -ν when they are:
a) followed by a word beginning with a vowel
b) final in an utterance/line
I know, but it’s not the best on mobile devices.
Homer didn't use diacritics. Aristophanes of Byzantium was the originator of these in the late third century, B.C.Also, used pronominally, ὁ and ἡ are given an accent.
The book didn’t give αλλα, I didn’t know that was an option.
If the Greeks were anything like the Romans, I guess he didn't use punctuation or spaces either?He didn't use minuscules, either, so you should have written it all in capslock.
If the Greeks were anything like the Romans, I guess he didn't use punctuation or spaces either?