Participles, infinitives, imperatives, subjunctive clauses..

HRG01

New Member

Basics Review

I have a Latin Regents/Final Exam today later and I just wanted to review some key concepts.


-Can you give me examples of :

- Participles
- Infinitives
-Imperatives and their use w/ Infinitives
- Subjunctive Clauses
- When you use acc. or abl. with prep. pros. words.
- Grammar review like where the verb goes and how words modify etc..

IF there's a website that has all these in basic understanding, can you forward it to me?

Thanks!!
 
 

cinefactus

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Sounds like you are leaving things a bit late... It is a bit late here so it is possible I may have made some errors in the examples. Needed something to keep me awake, so just teasing with the subject matter ;)

Participles

amans present declines like ingens
amatus past declines like bonus
amaturus future declines like bonus

infinitives
Active Passive
Pres amare amari
Past amavisse amatus esse
Future amaturus esse amaturus iri

Imperatives
i statim latinam discere

Subjunctives are used in all sorts of clauses including result clauses, purpose clauses & indirect speech
eg
i statim latinam discere ne deficias - purpose
tam celeriter discebat ut non deficeret - result
cum celerrime didicisset non defecit - subjunctive following causal cum clause
cum sero didicisset tamen non defecit - subjunctive in concessive cum clause
rogavi ubi esset libram Latinam tuam - question in indirect speech
est qui sero discat - subjunctive with relative clause

acc & abl follow the usage of the preposition. Some like in, sub, super may take acc if there is motion, or abl if static.

Verb generally goes at the end, but word order is flexible, and depends on what you are trying to stress.

You should be able to find some grammar sites with a google search.
 
 

cinefactus

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Some other uses of the subjunctive are:
Unreal conditional clauses - If I hadn't done this, I wouldn't have got into trouble
Iussive subjunctive - Let us do this

Making it clear whom is speaking - Dixit in foro esse quod matrem expectaret. He said he was in the forum because he (claimed that) was waiting for his mother.

Similar to this is:
Accusatus est, quod fur esset. He was accused of (allegedly) being a thief.

Some other words may require subjunctives following them, such as quin, quamvis.

Clauses dependent on a clause with a verb in the subjunctive are usually also in the subjunctive.

And many more...

Make sure you let us know how you went!
 
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