The rules are simple:
How to make a simple recording with a freeware application called Audacity:
- I will re-post my reading of the beginning of G.I.Caesar's Dē Bellō Gallicō. If you feel like it, try to read it too and me with others will then tell you what we think about it.
- I'm also posting one of the old texts we read in the former thread.
- I'm also posting a recording of the first few sentences from H.Oerberg Familia Rōmāna & Rōma Aeterna - try it, if you feel like it
- I'm also posting the beginning of the Latin translation of Harry Potter, Harrius Potter
- I'm also posting the first few lines of Ovid's Metamorphoses
- The text contains macrons. If there is a macron above a vowel, it means a long vowel, it there is not, then the vowel must not be -not even accidentally- read long or somehow prolonged inadvertently.
- The bold syllables in the text are those that receive stress/accent.
The rule where to put an accent in a word is as such:
Another text (Barba gladiator...):
Another text (Familia Rōmāna):
Another text (Rōma Aeterna):
Another text (Ovidius, Metamorphoses):
My native language is Czech (here or here).
My pronunciation is the restituted one with these exceptions:
- Upload a recording of you reading some Latin text (the best will be if the recording is not more than 30 seconds long or at least under 1 minute).
- Upload it please in an MP3, OGG or WMA format or any format with a high compression, i.e other than WAV or FLAC (see below how) - please do not post here WAV or FLAC files, they are too large.
- After that the others are welcome to write their objective criticism of what has been posted, to give their feedback. (Typically I might be doing that here, if I'm present, but everybody is invited!)
I must declare here that objectivity can be really attained in this discipline more or less only in the restituted / reconstructed pronunciation, since we have phonetically quite an exact description of the thing we reconstructed (i.e. we do not know exactly the real pronunciation spoken in the given time and place of antiquity, but the model we have reconstructed and agreed on is phonetically described with some precision. That allows us to judge others how well they are able to follow it)
- State which pronunciation it is (we can always guess, but it will be better, if it is stated):
- Don't worry if you don't use the restituted pronunciation, but for example the ecclesiastic one or some other. Just make sure we know which one you've just used.
- At this thread there are some functional links to the book which describes how the restituted pronunciation was reconstructed and advises what is the best way to pronounce each part of it.
- If you wish, state also what is/are your native language(s): for English you can (but you don't have to) also specify where is your native dialect approximately spoken (USA, UK, Australia...)
- It will be also helpful if you copy the text along with the recording, if the text is not on the same page on this thread, where your post is.
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How to make a simple recording with a freeware application called Audacity:
- Download and then install Audacity
- After launching the program, hit the red dot button to record
- Read the text to your microphone and then hit the 'square' stop button
- In the left top part of the screen click on File and then click on Export
- Write the name of the file in the Window that appeared (you can include your nickname there and the name of the text), as file format choose WAV and hit SAVE (unless you can export it in MP3 directly, which not everybody can do in default)
- Please do not post the file, until it is converted into MP3
- To make an MP3 file from the WAV file you have created, download and open this tool for Windows
- Once opened, a little window appears. Drag & Drop your newly created WAV file from the folder it is saved in into the little window. An MP3 will be created instantly in the same place where your original file is.
- Make sure that you upload the small MP3, not the large WAV file (it takes too much space and longer time for us to download)
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- I will re-post my reading of the beginning of G.I.Caesar's Dē Bellō Gallicō. If you feel like it, try to read it too and me with others will then tell you what we think about it.
- I'm also posting one of the old texts we read in the former thread.
- I'm also posting a recording of the first few sentences from H.Oerberg Familia Rōmāna & Rōma Aeterna - try it, if you feel like it
- I'm also posting the beginning of the Latin translation of Harry Potter, Harrius Potter
- I'm also posting the first few lines of Ovid's Metamorphoses
- The text contains macrons. If there is a macron above a vowel, it means a long vowel, it there is not, then the vowel must not be -not even accidentally- read long or somehow prolonged inadvertently.
- The bold syllables in the text are those that receive stress/accent.
The rule where to put an accent in a word is as such:
The text (Caesar, De Bello Galico):If the second to last syllable from the end is heavy, it will receive stress (accent), if it is not heavy, then the third one will receive stress (whether it is heavy or light) if such syllable exists. Heavy syllable means that the syllable contains a long vowel or the vowel is followed by more than 1 consonant (typically two consonants) (there are exceptions to this rule I won't state). And if it is followed by at least two consonants, it doesn't matter anymore whether the vowel is long or short (and sometimes we don't even know it - sometimes we do), it is simply heavy. The stress/accent itself does not prolong the vowel in the stressed syllable - the vowel stays short when accented in the case, when it is short per sē (i.e. when we don't think it's long).
Gallia est omnis dīvīsa in partēs trēs, quārum ūnam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquītānī, tertiam quī ipsōrum linguā Celtae, nostrā Gallī appellantur. Hī omnēs linguā, īnstitūtīs, lēgibus inter sē differunt. Gallōs ab Aquītānīs Garumna flūmen, ā Belgīs Mātrona et Sēquana dīvidit. Hōrum omnium fortissimī sunt Belgae, proptereā quod ā cultū atque hūmānitāte prōvinciae longissimē absunt, minimēque ad eōs mercātōrēs saepe commeant atque ea quae ad effēminandōs animōs pertinent important, proximīque sunt Germānīs, quī trāns Rhēnum incolunt, quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt.
Another text (Barba gladiator...):
Deus Inter Hominēs
1. Barba, gladiātōrum clārissimus, fortissimus, et optimus sum.
2. Anteā captīvus eram; nunc vērō in gladiātōriō lūdō mē exerceō.
3. “Crās eris in populī Rōmānī oculīs”, inquit lanista meus.
4. “In naumachiīs prope Tiberim aut mare pugnābis.
5. Factio tua vincet et populum dēlectābitis
6. Deus fīes et glōriōsissima ē fortūnīs tibi erit !“
Another text (Familia Rōmāna):
IMPERIUM RŌMĀNUM
Rōma in Italiā est. Italia in Eurōpā est. Graecia in Eurōpā est. Italia et Graecia in Eurōpā sunt. Hispānia quoque in Eurōpā est. Hispānia et Italia et Graecia in Eurōpā sunt. Aegyptus in Eurōpā nōn est, Aegyptus in Āfricā est. Gallia nōn in Āfricā est, Gallia est in Eurōpā. Syria nōn est in Eurōpā, sed in Asiā. Arabia quoque in Asiā est. Syria et Arabia in Asiā sunt. Germānia nōn in Asiā, sed in Eurōpā est. Britannia quoque in Eurōpā est. Germānia et Britannia sunt in Eurōpā.
Another text (Rōma Aeterna):
Urbs Rōma in rīpā Tiberis flūminis sita est vīgintī mīlia passuum ā marī. Hōc locō flūmen facile trānsītur, et collēs propinquī bene mūnīrī possunt. Moenia Rōmāna antīqua septem collēs sīve montēs complectuntur, quōrum haec sunt nōmina: Palātium, Capitōlium, Aventīnus, Caelius, Ēsquiliae, Vīminālis, Quirīnālis. Ā colle Quirīnālī et ā monte Capitōlīnō
usque ad Tiberim flūmen campus Mārtius patet.
Another text (Harrius Potter):
Dominus et Domina Dursley, quī vīvēbant in aedibus Gestātiōnis Ligustrōrum numerō quattuor signātīs, nōn sine superbiā dīcēbant sē ratiōne ordināriā vīvendī ūtī neque sē paenitēre illīus ratiōnis. In tōtō orbe terrārum vix crēdās quemquam esse minus deditum rēbus novīs et arcānīs, quod ineptiās tālēs omnīnō spernēbant.
Another text (Ovidius, Metamorphoses):
In nova fert animus / mūtātās dīcere formās
corpora; dī, coeptīs / (nam vōs mūtāstis et illās)
adspīrāte meīs / prīmāqu(e) ab orīgine mundī
ad mea perpetuum / dēdūcite tempora carmen!
Ante mar(e) et terrās / et quod tegit omnia caelum
ūnus erat tōtō / nātūrae vultus in orbe,
quem dīxēre chaos: / rudis *indīgestaque mōlēs
nec quicquam nisi pondus iners / *congestaqu(e) eōdem
nōn bene jūnctārum / discordia sēmina rērum.
*Late edit: In fact more correctly indīgestaque and congestaqu(e). But fortunately my reading doesn't rely on the stress.
(details about this text and its reading: It is a dactylic hexameter. The slash / symbol is a proposed caesura (the pause) by me. The underlined syllable is a beginning of another foot = the ictus, but is given in this reading (which is also what is usually recommended) no special phonetic prominence (i.e. is not read as an additional stress / or the only stress) or given some special emphasis - it serves just a graphical purpose here. Otherwise the syllables in bold are those that are stressed/accented (no bearing on the meter). If a vowel on the end of a word is in brackets (), it is elided by the following vowel and thus not read. )
My native language is Czech (here or here).
My pronunciation is the restituted one with these exceptions:
- my ē and my ō are done simply as prolongations of [ɛ] and [ɔ], that is [ɛː] and [ɔː]. Ideally they should be done a bit higher in the mouth. *Its advantages over other imprecise ways is that they are not mistaken for i/ī or u/ū, they are clearly recognizable and yet they are long & not-diphthongized.
- I don't usually nasalize the -m endings in prose, but read them fully. It seems as an often practice.
- my qu is read mostly as Italians and most of the restituted pronunciation speakers read them, as [kw] and not as a true labiovelar [kʷ].
- it serves just a graphical purpose here
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